![]() If the rate of knee injuries is about the same in the two groups, then the relative risk should be around 1.0. ![]() (It may be that the warm-up is dangerous and therefore makes knee injuries more likely, in which case we would expect the rate of knee injury to be higher in the warm-up subjects than in the controls.) Conversely, if the warm-up is ineffective, the rate of knee injuries should be about the same in the exposed and nonexposed groups. If the warm-up program is effective, we would expect the rate of knee injuries to be lower in those who do the warm-up (those exposed to the warm-up) than is those in the control group (those who were not exposed to the warm-up). Here, the warm-up program is the exposure (the independent variable) and knee injury is the condition (the dependent variable). Subjects were randomized to either the warm-up group or the control group. Consider the example in table 17.2, in which an experimental warm-up program is examined to determine whether it could decrease the risk of knee injuries. Specifically, it is a ratio of the rate of exposure in the individuals who have the condition (or response) divided by the rate of exposure in the individuals who do not have the condition. ![]() Relative risk (RR), also known as the risk ratio, is a ratio of proportions. ![]()
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